Rain fade

I posted earlier about the wireless LAN bridge we installed from our campus to our new leased office a couple of miles away.

These radios operate at such a high frequency (80 GHz) that nearly everything -- a tree, a dense flock of birds, an errant golf ball (okay, I just made that one up) -- is opaque to the signal. Consequently, they suffer from signal attenuation due to rain. This is a well-known phenomenon called "rain fade" that the RF engineers have to take into account in their designs.

We're having some trouble getting sufficient path clearance (getting the base signal high enough) to avoid a link drop during periods of intense rain. Right now the base level is approx. -44 dBm. We were expecting rain fade of approx. 16 dBm, which should make it bottom out around -63 dBm. According to Bridgewave, these radios are supposed to be able to maintain the 100 Mb/s link down to -72 dBm. Therefore, we should have approximately 9 dBm of safety margin.

But we have two problems. First, we're seeing rain fade of 22 dBm. Second, we're seeing the link drop when the signal goes below -65 dBm. With 6 dBm more rain fade than expected and the link dropping 7 dBm before it should, our 9 dBm of safety margin is shattered.

Here is a graph showing two times when we had brief periods of intense rain. Each time the link dropped for a few minutes and then came back up after the intense rain passed:

After the the second drop you can see other periods of rain fade that weren't intense enough to cause a drop. (The graph shows signal level in 100ths of a dBm. i.e. -4400 is -44 dBm.)

I gave a requirement of four 9s of availability (99.99% up time). Clearly, with the current base signal level, the amount of fade we're experiencing, and the link drop level, we're not going to be close to four 9s. Thankfully, we're installing this well ahead of staff moving into the office so we have time to improve the situation. Also, I'm grateful that we're installing in the Spring when we have rain every couple of days. Each time we make a change, we don't have to wait too long before a real-world test presents itself.

We're out there on the bleeding edge with this one! Please pray with us that this wireless LAN bridge story has a happy ending.

GodTube mocked in Wired

Did anyone else notice this Wired blog post mocking GodTube?

There are many things swirling in my mind about this:

1. Does it make sense to have "Christian" versions of popular, secular web sites, or does it make more sense to proclaim the good news on the secular sites themselves? John Brownlee, the writer of the post, gets at question when he says, "What is disturbing about GodTube is that it is an observable microcosm of the way that fundamentalist Christians have shut themselves off from any outside perspective." Where is the line between being "in" the world but not "of" it?

2. John does us a favor by saying what many others also must be thinking. Doesn't this help us gain insight into the mindset of secular humanists and atheists? We can't possibly present the good news persuasively without knowing the views of our hearers.

3. Also facinating are the comments at the end of the post. Clearly John struck a nerve because many people wanted to react to what he said -- both echoes of John's ideas as well as thoughtful Christian responses.

Network and server monitoring

We are in the process of taking our network management up to the next level. Our server and network infrastructure has gotten sufficiently large and complex that we need to keep a much closer eye on what is happening. We need to be able to monitor resources, applications, and errors. We need a way to alarm, for example, when a server, switch, or application is down or when a resource gets to a critical range.

We're currently evaluating What's Up Gold. I also recently heard about Splunk. Do any of you have any thoughts on either of these or something else we should evalutate?

Wireless LAN bridge

We are preparing to move 40 staff to an office building a couple of miles from the church. For the last several years those staff have worked out of a temporary building for which the temporary use permit is now expiring. So how do you connect 40 remote staff to your LAN? If you have a clear line-of-sight, a great option is to use a wireless LAN bridge.

Here are pictures taken yesterday as our vendor performed alignment of the integrated radio/antenna units. These are 80 GHz (millimeter wave) radios that are capable of 1 Gb/s full-duplex, but we got the version that is rate-limted to 100 Mb/s.

Radio on roof of office building, pointed towards the church. The steel wall in front is a "penthouse" that hides roof-top air handlers an other equipment. The mast is mounted to steel girders supporting the penthouse.

Close up of back of radio with volt meter showing signal strength.

Looking over the top of the radio toward the church building, 1.7 miles away.

Close up taken from the office building with black arrow showing the location of the radio on the roof of the church building.

Radio on roof of church building. The mast is held by a 4-point mount and weighed down by concrete blocks so roof penetration isn't required. This location was chosen for maximum wind protection (air handling unit to the right; roof parapet to the left). It also happens to be right next to a roof access hatch.

Ian (our network admin) with his shiny new radio!

Jay, the lead installer for our vendor, tweaks the alignment by turning nuts on the mount while looking at his volt meter.

Jay relays meter readings to his co-worker on the roof of the other building.

On this end the radio is connected by fiber.

Close up taken from the church building with white arrow showing the location of the radio on the roof of the office building.

Is redundant more reliable?

Pete Whiting, in a guest post on Joel Dehlin's blog, has some insights into the perils of complexity. This is good food for thought as we plan our server virtualization project at Resurrection, which we have scheduled for implementation in May. I particularly agree with Pete's point about isolating/avoiding tight coupling between services. For example, it's much better if an application is dependent only on one server, than if it requires two (or more) servers to be able to operate. With virtualization, we are making it a priority to gather everything a particular application needs onto a single virtual server, which will be able to run on either of two redundant physical servers. This architecture provides the benefits of redundancy without introducing unnecessary interdependence.

A Long Overdue Thank-You

Thanks Tony for your outstanding hospitality during my visit to Perimeter Church back in December with Mark Stephenson. Please offer my long overdue thanks to the rest of your team as well. Our tour of Perimeter Church's facilities was amazing. God has blessed the church with an innovative spirit that is never satisfied with past accomplishments. The oldest part of the building is only 15 years old, but already many parts have been purposed and repurposed, designed and redesigned, modeled and remodeled numerous times as the church’s needs have grown and changed. That kind of passionate pursuit of ministry warms my heart and re-energizes me.

Speaking of open source

Scoble posted today about the Viacom-Google lawsuit. He says Viacom loses by winning. YouTube, which is owned by Google, wins by losing. It will be a few years before we know, but I hope he's right.

Open Source Kingdom

Mark Batterson posted recently about the kingdom impact of freely sharing creative ideas. Here's hoping Mark's vision spreads to decision-makers in other congregations. The Church should be the greatest open source community in the world.

The DST Saga Continues (with a happy ending, we think?)

Tony has been blogging about various Daylight Savings Time issues at Perimeter Church here, here, and here. We, too, have had some serious headaches with this. I commented on one of Tony's posts saying that we couldn't get the Exchange Calendar Update tool to work. Tony generously put the question out to IT Discuss and we got a response from Jason Hand of Walk Through the Bible. Thanks Jason, but unfortunately it didn't help.

So ... Yesterday, when everything was going horribly wrong ;-) Ian, our network administrator, found someone at Microsoft who could help us. He posted a full explanation of what happend here. Turns out even the developer at Microsoft who wrote the tool couldn't get it to work in our case. In the end he threw up his hands and had Ian do a manual workaround to the front-end of the process that allowed the rest of it to run successfully.

Things have finally settled down here. We have only a few, minor issues being reported today. DST - was it fun for you?

Fall IT Roundtable Invitation

I was part of a group of IT leaders from very large churches that met a couple of times a year for three years or so. The group (which never had a name other than “megachurch IT group”) included Mike Gold of Willow Creek, Terry Chapman of Fellowship Church, Vic Mollett of Southland Christian Church, Eric Busby of Saddleback Church, and others. When last we met in May of 2005 I told the group I would host the next meeting here at Church of the Resurrection in the Kansas City area in 2006. Unfortunately, I got slammed last year with workload and staff turnover issues so I wasn't able to make it happen. I recently exchanged e-mail with Mike Gold about renewing my invitation to host the group here and suggested merging the group with the Church IT Roundtable. He was very supportive and hoped to be able to attend and invite the old gang to join the Roundtable.

Accordingly, we would like to invite you to come to Kansas City for the Fall Roundtable October 3-4, which is right before Leadership Institute, our biggest conference of the year. After the Roundtable you could stay for Leadership Institute if you’re so inclined. I spoke with Tony Dye about getting this on the agenda for discussion at the Spring Roundtable to determine the level of interest. To get the conversation started, please leave a comment here and let me know if this sounds good.

National Church IT Association?

If you read Jason Powell’s blog, you already know about his hope to create some sort of national church IT association. (Tony has arranged for Phill Martin of NACBA to come to the Spring Roundtable to speak about this.) Now as for me, I strongly prefer the roundtable format for meeting with and learning from other church IT leaders. I worry that formalizing and scaling up what we’re doing into a national association would result in losing the powerful, peer-to-peer sharing of the roundtable format. I also worry that we’ll discover even the 25-30 people expected to attend the Spring Roundtable will be too many for everyone to fully participate. So what to do?

Fall Roundtable Format

Now here’s where it gets really exciting (we think?!) or maybe even crazy. For the last couple of years I have been meeting informally with church IT leaders here in the Kansas City area such as Mike Mayfield of Pleasant Valley Baptist Church. I suspect many of you have had similar meetings with other church IT leaders in your own cities. Perhaps some of you have already held roundtables in your cities. This makes me wonder if the best way for us to scale up would be to have roundtables in cities across the country and then link them technologically.

What if we made a first effort at this idea for the Fall Roundtable? What if we limit attendance here in Kansas City to 15-20 people and find some great way to link in roundtable groups from other cities? This idea is partially inspired by the Willow Creek Leadership Summit that brings together church leaders from around the world. We’re imagining some kind of “un-conference” that retains the strengths of peer-to-peer sharing but is scalable to involve many more people than you can fit around one table. We would like for everyone to be able to see/hear each other and use their own laptops to annotate/live blog the discussion and have side conversations. We’re not even close to figuring out how to do this from either a facilitation or technical standpoint, but one idea is to use Adobe Connect (formerly Macromedia Breeze). Whatever the mechanism is, we would need to fully test both the technology and the method of facilitation prior to the meeting. And, no doubt, we’d learn a great deal from doing this once. At that point we would know either a) this works; b) this works but needs to be tweaked/improved; or c) it doesn’t/can’t work.

Please comment and let me know your thoughts or post on your own blog and link back to this post.

Don't you be doing that church hop

Perry Noble points us to Steven Furtick blasting church hoppers/church shoppers like I've never seen it done before. I was fired up by his comments. On the other hand, I have good friends who have struggled with finding the right place where God is calling them to worship, grow, and serve. There's a line between a genuine spiritual struggle and a crassly consumerist attitude toward church.

The best approach for churches is to reach out and welcome everyone with all of their experiences, sins, mistakes, bad hair, doubts, fears, body odor, struggles, biases, broken relationships, addictions, questions, emotions, mental illness, inappropriate behavior ... and yes, even warped attitudes towards church. We start with people wherever they are. And then, pay close attention here, we must rely on the power of the Holy Spirit to work through our teaching, worship, service, and deep Christian community to transform them. No doubt some of those people have been church goers for years, yet they haven't learned even the basics of Christian discipleship. Instead of giving up and calling them out, let's call them up to a richer, fuller, deeper understanding of what Jesus asks of them. To be clear, I'm talking about starting with people where they are, but not being complacent about letting them stay there.

Web Software Developer position open

We're seeking a highly-skilled web software developer for a challenging and fulfilling position at The Church of the Resurrection (Kansas City area). Work in a high-energy, innovative environment with other talented technologists. BS in computer science or related field or equivalent experience required. Minimum of 2 years professional experience with the LAMP platform and 2 years professional experience with the .NET platform. Reports to the Director of Information Technology. Don’t miss this unique opportunity to serve Christ with your software development skills. To apply, please e-mail Cork Kurlbaum (our uber-volunteer/professional IT recruiter) for immediate consideration.

Five hot technologies for 2007

Yesterday Computerworld published an interesting article predicting five technologies will be hot over the next 12 months:

1. Ruby on Rails - web application development framework

2. NAND Flash drives - solid state mass storage with big enough capacity to substitute for small hard drives and 100x the performance

3. Ultra-Wideband (UWB) - short range wireless at 200x the speed of Bluetooth

4. Grid Computing - rent a data center by the gigabyte such as Amazon's S3 service

5. Advanced CPU architectures on higher-density chips

Y2K7

I just spent all day yesterday, along with a co-worker, tracking down one of the more heinous time calculation bugs I've ever seen. If you're a programmer, you probably already know about the Daylight Savings Time change that is occurring in this year of 2007. This is sending a shock wave of problems through the IT industry on a scale of which we probably haven't seen since Y2k. Everyone is having to update code that calculates when DST begins and ends.

In short, Microsoft is either in a very tight spot, or they screwed up big time. With the new calculation of DST, any year previous to 2007 now has the potential to show the wrong time! Here is a quick example.

This page is using JavaScript within the viewers browser to calculate dates. You will notice that if you are viewing this page from Vista, or a Linux based OS, that all the dates are displayed as expected. If you're on a Windows XP or earlier OS, the middle two dates will show as being in DST when they should not be:

Wed Mar 15 00:00:00 CDT 2006 <- Um, not quite yet actually. CDT doesn't start until April 02, 2006 02:00.

This is because MS OS' previous to Vista can only store one set of DST rules. So when you installed that cool new patch that fixes 2007 and future dates, you break every year previous to it. Nice. Granted this only crops up in past dates between the previous DST starting time, and the new one. I.e. between 2007 and 2006, this is between March 11 and April 2. See another conversation on this.

This is going to cause problems until it is fixed. Hopefully MS can get us something quickly, but depending on how deeply the OS is affected by this - they could have a serious issue on their hands.

Kathy Sierra on user happiness

Kathy has an excellent post today on what happens when the "policies and procedures tail" wags the "user happiness dog." I continually remind my IT team here at Resurrection that our job is to serve users, not the other way around. My team has a lot of ideas about how to increase our efficiency, which I think is great so long as it doesn't make things more diffcult for those we serve. Do you advocate for users in your organization?

Skypecast - Cooler than I Thought

I came across the Skypecasts beta directory on Sunday, I don't even remember how. I have been aware of Skypecast for quite a while now through Jason Powell's blog, and had always thought of it as an alternative to hold on-line meetings. I was blown away to find a directory of open discussions taking place about all sort of subjects!

I clicked on a "Join this Skypecast" link for one of the entries, and found myself listening in on a Arabic speaking discussion as though I was standing in a public square in Saudi Arabia and just walked up to a group of people, listening to the conversation. This is wild!

I began thinking, the potential of this is huge. This is not just free conference calling, this is a globally accessible public forum. If you want to hold a discussion on any subject all you need is to download Skype, advertise the discussion in whatever manner you chose, and host and moderate it. The barrier to holding a discussion is broadband Internet access, a computer, a headset with microphone, and the knowledge to get Skype installed and a Skypecast created. This is exactly the flat world that Thomas L. Friedman discusses in The World is Flat. I found people hosting their own sociological and political discussions, some of them with very controversial subjects, with people from all over the world participating.

Think about that for a moment. If you were to mash the technical ability of Skypecasts up with the right social networking service, you could bring a great deal of the worlds population closer together than ever before. Say you're a student and you are writing a paper on antibiotic resistance. You've got a few questions that you're not able to answer through the Internet resources, so you set up a Skypecast for next Wednesday evening and publish this event through a social network service, asking for help from any experts on the subject. On Wednesday you get to talk with a couple other people writing similar papers and you all share resources, and in the middle of that you get a leading expert join in that has seen your advertisement for the discussion and now multiple people benefit.

The potential uses for churches and small groups really excites me. Imagine a globally diverse small group that anyone can be a part of, or just listen in on. A pastor can host a discussion on applying the scripture to your life, and interact with real people with real questions in a moderated format. I think these sorts of technologies will ultimately re-define the roles of evangelism and caring in the physical church to include the global community. The phrase, 'your neighbor,' will not mean what it used to mean.

I haven't posted here much, so to reiterate why this interests me so much, I am very driven to get churches on-line. By that, I mean encouraging churches to utilize web ministry and enabling them to use technology for ministry and evangelism. Why? Because I strongly believe that on-line evangelism will be highly important in reaching future Christians, and that God has many great things in store for technologies such as Skypecast and social network services.

United Methodists Reaching Postmodernists

A disappointing thought crossed my mind as I drove home early Saturday morning from a late night out. (The late night BTW was much less harmless than it sounds. My wife and I attended a high school musical in support of a friend, and we stayed up late conversing about different subjects.)

What if, on the whole, the United Methodist church can not reach postmodernists? I mean simply can not do it. What if the things that make a worship United Methodist are exactly those things the postmodernist revolts from?

I began thinking about the church reaching the postmodernist, and recalled conversations that I've either witnessed or been a part of. They all go something like this:

UM Pastor: "You say that the service doesn't speak to you, but give me an example of how would you change it?"

Postmodernist: "There needs to be more music. It needs to be cool, not boring. Hip! It needs to be more emotional and less institutional."

UM Pastor: "But those are not specific examples of what you would change about the service today. I understand what you said, but I don't understand how you want us to do that."

The conversation usually goes down hill from there, with the postmodernist trying desperately to explain what hip and cool means and how they could be so very moved if it were done better. Both parties walk away having no idea what the other meant.

I've heard at least one pastor explain this as, "They aren't able to explain what they want." That baffles me, as I'm pretty sure I just saw human beings who speak the same language converse about what they want. This ends up sounding like the modernist saying they are open and willing to improve the worship experience, as long as they don't have to change anything about it at all. Why can't you just be happy with the way it is now?

To me it comes down to this: The answer that modernists are looking for is which portions of the service today need be changed to reach postmodernists, without changing or losing the structure of the worship? What the postmodernist is trying to answer politely - everything. That being said, I'm sure there is a middle ground. I believe that churches that are successful in reaching postmodernists are those finding ways to say yes rather than no, and still hold in their hearts the significance of denominational traditions. Those that tie the significance of a worship service too tightly to the rigid procedural tradition may have a really tough time reaching postmodernists.

Where does your church apply the significance of worship? The process, or the expression? Are they doing church, or being the church?

Mac vs. PC

"As a Mac user, I wish Microsoft would run an Apple-like ad about the process by which Mac users get service for broken hardware. It would be really hard for Apple to respond, because their system for dealing with broken hardware is itself horribly broken. They need serious incentives to fix this." - Dave Winer

Just last week my team at Resurrection and I were joking about exactly this idea. (We support both PCs and Macs.) The Apple commercials are terribly funny, no doubt. But Apple would have you believe that their stuff never breaks. In our parody commercial, Mac would be broken and a poor, hapless user would be striken by the question, "How do I fix this thing?" PC would answer, "I don't know." Then the user would ask, "Who DOES know?" Followed by nothing but dead silence.

When PC is broken, we call our friendly Dell service person, who comes out a day or two later and fixes it. It's painless and nearly effortless. When Mac is broken, we are faced with a small number of bad options, all of which will cost us a lot more time and brain damage than calling Dell. Surely Dave Winer and us aren't the only ones who have faced this issue. Does Apple care?

Visual communication

I've posted before about the importance of visual communication in our world. Unfortunately, I've spent my whole life honing my ability to communicate with words. That skill will be nearly obsolete by the end of my life. Seth Godin points us to an example of how ordinary people can use video technology to communicate. Wouldn't it be cool to use this video to teach church staff about web technology? Would it be even cooler for all of us to learn how to communicate this way?

From Vision to Reality

This past week in our bi-annual all staff meeting Adam, our senior pastor, said something that coalesced a reoccurring thought I'd had for a while. He mentioned a list of large projects our church had either completed, or moved from the idea stage to a living process. Then he suggested that to do this repeatedly and continually succeed you have to go through a strategic planning stage. That's a simple statement right? So now - everybody go do that and succeed much more often .... If only it were that easy.

I'm sure that statement is in a thousand books and repeated by even more people, but the reason I'm blogging about it today is that it seems to be one of those statements where the absorption and understanding of it are worlds apart from the action and ability to perform it. Why is that? Is it simply a factor of the human condition, or is a skill that can be learned and honed? I would lean toward the latter.

Pastor Andrzej from
Katowice, Poland

The idea that strategic planning is a critical ingredient of any vision to reality project is at first too simple to be so profound. One of the questions I have been asked on multiple occasions, after people learn I work at Church of the Resurrection, is "Why is Resurrection so successful?" The last time I was asked this it was from pastor Andrzej while I was visiting him in Katowice, Poland. Pastor Andrzej has been a United Methodist pastor for more than 25 years and is currently positioned in a thriving church with a congregation more than 100 strong. To put this in perspective, the United Methodist presence in all of Poland is less than 4,500 people.
Pastor Andrzej, spoken in my poor English as "ahhn-jay," is a person who comes off very calm, with waters just underneath the surface that are roaring to bring God's Word to the non religious.

Up until now, my answer to the above question has been these things, in short: One is leading with prayer. Another is effective leadership, and the last is an uncommon hive of people who possess a drive from within to do things with excellence. These are still accurate, but what I may now add to those is effective strategic planning.

I think if there were a great suggestion for pastors striving for success in ministry, it would be to educate yourself in strategic planning. When Adam spoke about this at our all staff meeting, Andrzej came back to my memory. He and I had discussed the importance of prayer, and asking for God's guidance. No one should underestimate this, but God rarely lifts those of us up who are sitting back waiting for Him to take the wheel and drive.

It made me wonder what programs or resources we have set up for our local pastors, as well as our International pastors. I couldn't find much searching through Google, though it may have been the keywords I was using. My co-worker Chuck, who you can see in this post's picture, recommended this book by Kennon L. Callahan.

Would anyone else who has read this recommend it? Does anyone know of other resources out there that focus on strategic planning in the church?